artikelen
The animals from the early and middle neolithic sites of Karatsádhagli and Kamára in Thessaly
The inhabitants of the early and middle neolithic sites of Karatsádhagli and Kamára bred the five classical domestic mammal species: dog, sheep, goat, cattle and pig. Most of the meat and skins consumed and used derived from livestock. Pigs and cattle were kept in high proportions in comparison with inland sites in Thessaly with higher temperatures and lower precipitation. Hunting was of limited importance. Shellfish was collected for food at the coast at 10-15 km distance. Bones, antler and shells were used to make tools. Bone awls, an antler spoon, shell beads and possibly shell pestles were made on the sites.
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The use of agricultural animals and wild animals during the Bronze Age and Early Iron Age in South Italy
The exploitation of domesticated and wild animal resources during the Bronze and Iron Ages in Southern Italy is characterized by a prevalence of raising of livestock, especially sheep, goat and cattle, as well as pig. Transhumance involving primarily sheep and goats seems to have been the driving force behind the development of the subsistence strategies and was formalized in the course of the Late Bronze Age and into the Early Iron Age. There is ample evidence for local variations within this general pattern of subsistence, suggesting that environmental and territorial restrictions helped define the local subsistence economies. The wild animal resources that were hunted or collected served to complement the regular meat supply in times of necessity, but also served to stress the privileged position of the local elites, especially in the case of red deer.
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Animal Burial in Ancient Mesopotamia
This paper discusses the results of a preliminary study concerning the practice of the intentional burial of complete animals and/or animal parts – separately or in association with human remains – at a number of sites throughout Ancient Mesopotamia, ranging from the Ubaid period to the Neo-Babylonian period (middle 6th –middle 1st millennium BC ). By briefly reviewing the studied archaeological contexts and the available literary evidence, it aims at highlighting some characteristic features of this phenomenon and at reflecting upon the possible interpretations of its occurrence in Mesopotamian culture. The author hopes to contribute to a better understanding of this practice and to provide an insight in the reasons why Mesopotamians buried their animals.
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Cattle buried in the desert plain of Dayr al-Barsha (Egypt). A mystery explained thanks to Herodotus?
During excavations in the Dynastic cemetery at Dayr al-Barsha in Middle Egypt, unexpectedly a circular pit filled with cattle bones, dated to around 400 BC was found. Archaeozoological study has shown that it contained the almost complete, but disarticulated skeletons of 15 Egyptian longhorn cattle. In addition, fragmentary remains of at least three other individuals have been collected. Data on the age at death, sex and size of the animals are summarised, as well as the main pathologies and traces observed on the bones. They reveal details on the life and death of the cattle. No parallels are known for the cattle burial at Dayr al-Barsha. However, writings of the Greek historian Herodotus may hold clues to explain the enigmatic find. They describe how the ancient Egyptians buried dead bulls and collected the rotted skeletons at regular intervals to rebury them together in one place. Underneath the cattle burial an older inhumation was found, containing offered cattle bones that fit with practices recorded earlier at Dayr al-Barsha.
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The ritual significance of the horse in the graves of four humans in Mikri Doxipara-Zoni
In 2002 a burial tumulus was excavated at Mikri Doxipara-Zoni (AD 90-120). Research yielded a great spectrum of very interesting finds, including five richly decorated wagons, each buried with two auxiliary horses, two separate horse burials, human cremation burials, altars, hearths, pottery and objects of precious stones and metals. A total of fifteen horses (predominantly mares) in the prime of their lives were killed and buried in this tumulus. Obviously, this indicates that horses were of particular importance to the four people buried with these elaborate finds. This essay explores the ritual significance and symbolism of the horse in the burial of these four humans in this specific tumulus in Greek Thrace.
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recensies
The chora of Metaponto 2
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The Ritual Killing and Burial of Animals
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Material Aspects of Etruscan Religion: Proceedings of the International Colloquium Leiden, May 29 and 30, 2008
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Constantinopel. Een mozaïek van de Byzantijnse metropool
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introducties op lopend onderzoek
The GIA embraces new research in the zooarchaeology of the eastern Mediterranean
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The transition from the Bronze Age to the Iron Age in Greece: isotopic analysis of skeletal remains from sites of central Greece
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Consolidating Empire: Reconstructing Hegemonic Practices of the Middle Assyrian Empire at the Late Bronze Age Fortified Estate of Tell Sabi Abyad, Syria, ca. 1230 – 1180 BC
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De Survey Archaeology website
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