artikelen
What does it matter? Real and painted marble in the house of Apollo in Pompeii
In the course of the first century AD marble became a popular means of decoration in the Roman world. Both the real and the painted variant were used to decorate the rooms of many houses. Traditionally, painted marble has been indicated as the cheap alternative for Romans who could not afford the real stuff. However, the finds from cities like Pompeii tell differently. The house of Apollo in Pompeii is an excellent example to refute this traditional idea. An analysis of the marble and marbled decorations found in this house shows the high appreciation of particularly the painted variant.
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Round about Crustumerium: an alternative application of the rank-size rule
During the Archaic period (roughly the sixth century BC) the settlement of Crustumerium developed into a typical urban centre. Situated on the northern border of Latium Vetus one could enter other cultural regions such as Etruria, Sabina Tiberina and the territories of the Faliscan and Capenates within a day’s travel. It is no wonder then that the material culture of Crustumerium shows signs of hybridization and selection. But apart from being a cultural melting pot the question as to which place this city state took within the settlement hierarchy of the surrounding regions remains largely unanswered. This article aims to tie the different cultural regions which were in direct contact with Crustumerium together. By applying the rank-size rule to an interregional case study the image of an integrated settlement system appears. Through the analysis we can see that during the Archaic period a relatively stable situation existed between the four adjacent regions. During this period the major centers Rome and Veio did not dominate medium sized city states such as Crustumerium. Neither did the settlements strongly compete with one another but instead fulfilled autonomous positions within a fairly interdependent settlement system. This example shows that the functioning of settlement systems is not hampered by physical or political barriers and that it is possible to use certain analytical methods in order to study settlement hierarchy on an interregional level.
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Ritual murder in Rome and Tarquinia? A methodological study of deposition of human sacrifice during the Italic Iron Age and Orientalising period (ninth to sixth century BC)
Human sacrifice is a problematic theme in archaeological research, partly because its practice is difficult to reconstruct based on the sole presence of archaeological data. Therefore, the criteria with which depositions of sacrificed humans can be distinguished from regular graves are hardly ever discussed. This can be noted in the case of a number of burials found in Rome and Tarquinia. These have been interpreted as both graves and cases of human sacrifices, but the criteria used for either of these interpretations are unclear. In order to create a more objective way to study potential cases of human sacrifice, this article proposes a methodology through which the depositions of sacrificed humans and graves can be distinguished from one other with the use of three indicators: physical anthropological data, the location of the burial and traces of ritual activities.
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The Roman colonial past of the Pontine region, Central Italy
The Pontine region, located at a distance of only ca. 60 km south of Rome, already boasted a rich colonial heritage in the Mid-Republican period, at a time that regions further from Rome were confronted with Roman expansion and its impact on indigenous Italic urban and rural landscapes for the first time. This heritage not only figured in the literary sources, but was also prominently present in the landscape. This paper discusses two dynamics that helped shape the Late-Republican and Early Imperial landscape of the Pontine region. One was the development of Roman urban settlements in the Mid-Republican period, a partly organic and partly steered process in which the role of Rome became ever more evident. The other was the planned expansion of agricultural land into marginal areas through land reclamation during that same period.
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The Galleria dei Vasi in the cave of Sant’Angelo II: New data on the Protoapennine period in the Sibaritide and its relations with the shores of the Adriatic Sea
The Cave of Sant’Angelo II is located northwest of Cassano allo Jonio, in the province of Cosenza (Italy). Some sherds of handmade impasto pottery collected in the 1960’s have been retrieved during an inventory project recently carried out by the Groningen Institute of Archaeology in the storerooms of the Soprintendenza della Calabria. The analysis of these finds provide new relevant data on the transitional period between the Early and the Middle Bronze Age in Calabria and indicate long range cultural interactions with the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea.
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Thousand sherds on the ground… a long breath, a deep sigh
Systematic field walking is a well known archaeological tool to assess a region’s history. It explores large scale developments in space and time, and agrees to a relatively low resolution in chronological precision. A multi-disciplinary archaeological project on the island of Zakynthos (Greece) was carried out between 2006 and 2010. The systematic field walking program investigated the archaeological record in three research areas that cover the variety of geological, geomorphological and historical landscapes on the island. The survey produced, among other things, about 30,000 ceramic fragments dating from the Prehistory to the Modern periods. Based on these survey finds, my PhD research investigates the development of ancient technological traditions in ceramic production and aims to map and comprehend major patterns in the circulation of ancient ceramics within the island. This paper reflects on the limitations and possibilities of the analysis of survey ceramics and presents a systematic approach to the study and analysis of a large body of survey ceramics that is characterized by a serious lack of stylistic and typo-morphological elements.
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Hybridity in times of colonization. Greyware in the context of the Phoenician colonization of the Iberian Peninsula
This article tries to find a transparent way to detect morphological hybridity in the Céramica Gris (greyware) of Early Iron Age Iberia. This type of pottery developed through the influence of local preference for ceramics, but was made with techniques introduced by the Phoenician ‘colonists’. A case study investigates this issue through the greyware assemblage from the site of Cerro Manzanillo in the province of Badajoz, Extremadura. The analysis of this assemblage poses theoretical as well as practical problems. The obscurities around the parameters to classify greyware, together with a general lack of knowledge about the boundaries and meaning of the stylistic evolution of material culture, lead to the conclusion that hybridity is not a good concept to describe greyware. However, the concept of cultural hybridity, together with ceramic studies can be used to define the underlying processes of cultural change that was a result of the Phoenician colonization.
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recensies
Peasants, Citizens and Soldiers. Studies in the demographic history of Roman Italy / Peasants and slaves. The rural population of Roman Italy (200 BC to AD 100)
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Black-Gloss Ware in Italy. Production management and local histories
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The City in the Roman West, c. 250 BC – c. AD 250
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Pathways to Power. New Perspectives on the Emergence of Social Inequality
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Early Roman Warrior 753-321 BC
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The First Mediterranean islanders: initial occupation and survival strategies
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The Džarylgac Survey Project
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introducties op lopend onderzoek
Van Alexander tot Zenobia: lokale identiteit en globale macht in het Nabije Oosten
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Productive Landscapes. An interdisciplinary inquiry into the productivity of crop husbandry in the Roman Empire: 200 B.C. – A.D. 500
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Mycenaean Burial Traditions of Achaea: An Anthropological and Bioarchaeological Approach
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Het OpenArchaeoSurvey project
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